Upconversion nanoparticles possess unique optical properties, making them attractive for applications in bioimaging, sensing, and therapy. However, their potential toxicity remains a substantial concern. This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the toxicity connected with upconversion nanoparticles. It examines various aspects, inclu

Zinc oxide is a compound renowned for its remarkable ability to shield delicate skin. This gentle component has long been utilized in a range of skincare products, from sunscreens to diaper rash creams, due to its outstanding protective characteristics. Establishing a physical barrier on the skin's surface, zinc oxide effectively absorbs harmful